Abstract: The effect of electric field on low-temperature synthesis of Fe-VC composites in the Fe-V-C system was investigated using Gleeble thermal simulation apparatus. Through analyzing the thermal characteristics of heating up period, a conclusion is obtained that the key reason which causes the diffusion of ion or atom of reactant under low temperature is the field emission. A series of research, such as the X-ray diffraction (XRD) analysis of product, the metallographic observation and scanning electron microscope (SEM), shows that the starting temperature of synthesis reaction is relative low (about 740 ℃) and the system react thoroughly with the effect of electric field. The synthesis reaction makes the sample become more compact, and the VC particles are small and distribute in the Fe base evenly.