碱激发高钛重矿渣胶凝材料研发及性能研究

刘蓝; 曹知勤; 何逵; 孙新坡; 廖映华; 杨星; 唐文静; 李玉婷; 郑涛彬

doi:10.7513/j.issn.1004-7638.2025.02.014

碱激发高钛重矿渣胶凝材料研发及性能研究

doi: 10.7513/j.issn.1004-7638.2025.02.014

1.
四川轻化工大学土木工程学院, 四川自贡 643000
2.
攀枝花学院钒钛学院, 四川攀枝花 617000

基金项目: 四川轻化工大学校级创新训练计划项目（CX2024160）；四川省科技厅计划项目（2020YJ0360）。

详细信息

作者简介:
刘蓝，2002年出生，女，四川资阳人，本科生，主要从事固废综合利用研究，E-mail：2724666354@qq.com

通讯作者:
何逵，1988年出生，男，湖南衡阳人，博士，讲师，主要从事固废综合利用研究，E-mail：243280330@qq.com

中图分类号: TF044
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- 被引次数: 0
出版历程
- 收稿日期: 2024-08-29
- 刊出日期: 2025-05-06

Preparation and performance of alkali-activated high-titanium heavy slag cementitious materials

1.
College of Architecture and Construction, Sichuan University of Science and Technology, Zigong 643000, Sichuan, China
2.
College of Vanadium and Titanium, Panzhihua University, Panzhihua 617000, Sichuan, China

摘要

摘要: 碱激发胶凝材料跟传统硅酸盐水泥相比，具有生产工艺简单、投资少、能耗低、二氧化碳排放量低、矿渣利用率高等优点。通过设计不同水灰比、碱激发剂及其用量，研发碱激发高钛重矿渣胶凝材料，分析其力学性能，获得了最优的材料组成配比；同时结合XRD、SEM分析了其物相组成及微观结构，揭示了碱激发高钛重矿渣胶凝材料水化产物及水化机理。主要结论如下：水玻璃激发效果明显优于氢氧化钠，当水灰比为0.32时，液体水玻璃含量为6%，模数为1时制备的碱激发高钛重矿渣胶凝材料力学性能最优，28 d抗压强度可达13.5 MPa；物相及微观形貌分析可知主要胶凝材料的水化产物为水化硅酸钙，同时生成了少量的水铝钙石晶体。
- 高钛重矿渣 /
- 碱激发 /
- 胶凝材料 /
- 水化机理 /
- 强度
Abstract: Compared with traditional silicate cement, alkali-activated cementitious materials have advantages such as simple production processes, low investment, low energy consumption, low carbon dioxide emissions, and high slag utilization rates. This study develops alkali-activated high-titanium heavy slag cementitious materials by designing different water-to-cement ratios, alkali activators, and their dosages, and analyzes their mechanical properties to obtain the optimal material composition ratio. At the same time, through XRD and SEM analysis, the phase composition and microstructure are examined, revealing the hydration products and hydration mechanisms of alkali-activated high-titanium heavy slag cementitious materials. The main conclusions are as follows:Sodium silicate demonstrates significantly better activation effectiveness than sodium hydroxide. The alkali-activated high-titanium heavy slag cementitious material achieves optimal mechanical properties when prepared with a water-to-cement ratio of 0.32, 6% liquid sodium silicate content, and a modulus of 1. with a compressive strength of up to 13.5 MPa after 28 days. Phase and microstructure analyses indicate that the primary hydrated product of the cementitious material is calcium silicate hydrate, while a small amount of calcium aluminum silicate crystals is also generated.
- High-titanium heavy slag /
- alkaline activation /
- cementitious material /
- hydration mechanism /
- mechanical strength

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图 1 高钛重矿渣XRD图谱分析

Figure 1. XRD analysis of high-titanium heavy slag

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

图 2 不同水灰比对胶凝材料力学性能影响

（a）水玻璃；（b）氢氧化钠

Figure 2. Effects of water-cement ratio on properties of cementitious materials

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

图 3 水玻璃浓度对胶凝材料性能影响

Figure 3. Effect of sodium silicate concentration on properties of cementitious material

（a）3 d；（b）7 d；（c）28 d

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

图 4 水玻璃模数对胶凝材料性能影响

Figure 4. Effect of sodium silicate modulus on properties of cementitious material

（a）3 d；（b）7 d；（c）28 d

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图 5 氢氧化钠浓度对胶凝材料力学性能的影响

Figure 5. Influence of sodium hydroxide concentration on mechanical properties of cementitious materials

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图 6 不同养护期水玻璃激发高钛重矿渣胶凝材料XRD图谱

Figure 6. XRD patterns of high-titanium heavy slag materials activated by sodium silicate during different curing periods

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

图 7 不同养护期水玻璃激发高钛重矿渣材料微观形貌

Figure 7. Microscopic morphology of high-titanium slag activated by sodium silicate during different curing periods

（a）3 d；（b）7 d；（c）28 d

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表 1 液体水玻璃物理化学指标

Table 1. Physical and chemical indexes of liquid sodium silicate

模数	波美度（20 ℃）	密度/（g·mL⁻¹）	氧化钠/%	二氧化硅/%	透明度/%
3.25	41.0～42.5	1.394～1.415	8.5～10.5	27.5～30.5	85

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表 2 减水剂的理化性质

Table 2. Physical and chemical properties of water-reducing agents

掺量/%	减水率/%	含气率/%	pH值	Cl含量/%	细度/mm
0.02～0.25	≥45	6	7~9	≤0.3	≤0.315

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表 3 高钛重矿渣组成成分

Table 3. Composition of high-titanium heavy slag %

TFe	Cl⁻	SiO₂	CaO	MgO	TiO₂	SO₃	Al₂O₃	fCaO	Pb	Cr	MnO
27.05	0.019	11.23	26.95	2.89	7.47	0.50	5.59	0.16	0.01	0.267	1.90

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表 4 钢球基本参数

Table 4. Basic parameters of the steel ball

介质	型号/mm	密度/（kg·m⁻³）	质量/g	表面积/mm²
	Ø20	7800	32.7	1256
钢球	Ø25	7800	63.8	1962.5
	Ø30	7800	110.2	2826

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表 5 不同水灰比试验配比

Table 5. Experiments with different water-cement ratios

编号	模数	水玻璃浓度/%	氢氧化钠浓度/%	水/mL	矿渣/g	减水剂/g	水泥/g
Z1	1.5	8	0	30	87	0.3	5
Z2	1.5	8	0	32	87	0.3	5
Z3	1.5	8	0	34	87	0.3	5
Z4	1.5	8	0	36	87	0.3	5
Z5	1.5	8	0	38	87	0.3	5
Z6	1.5	8	0	40	87	0.3	5
Z7	1.5	8	0	50	87	0.3	5
Z8	0	0	8	30	87	0.3	5
Z9	0	0	8	35	87	0.3	5
Z10	0	0	8	40	87	0.3	5

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表 6 水玻璃激发高钛重矿渣试验配比

Table 6. Ratio of activated slag of sodium silicate

编号	水玻璃模数	水玻璃浓度/%	水/mL	矿渣/g	减水剂/g	水泥/g
Z1	1	4	32	96	0.3	5
Z2	1	6	32	94	0.3	5
Z3	1	8	32	92	0.3	5
Z4	1.5	4	32	96	0.3	5
Z5	1.5	6	32	94	0.3	5
Z6	1.5	8	32	92	0.3	5
Z7	2.0	4	32	96	0.3	5
Z8	2.0	6	32	94	0.3	5
Z9	2.0	8	32	92	0.3	5

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表 7 氢氧化钠激发高钛重矿渣试验配比

Table 7. Sodium hydroxide concentration ratio for alkali-activated high-titanium heavy slag

编号	氢氧化钠/g	矿渣/g	水/mL	减水剂/g	水泥/g
Z1	4	91	30	0.3	5
Z2	6	89	30	0.3	5
Z3	8	87	30	0.3	5

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