钛、钒熔盐电解提取及纯化研究进展

任艺雯; 毛佩竹; 吕学明; 樊涌; 王子建; 李少龙; 吕泽鹏; 何季麟; 宋建勋

doi:10.7513/j.issn.1004-7638.2025.02.001

钛、钒熔盐电解提取及纯化研究进展

doi: 10.7513/j.issn.1004-7638.2025.02.001

任艺雯^{1, 2,},
毛佩竹^{1, 2},
吕学明³,
樊涌⁴,
王子建^{1, 2},
李少龙^{1, 2},
吕泽鹏^{1, 2},
何季麟^{1, 2},
宋建勋^{1, 2, ,}

1.
郑州大学中原关键金属实验室, 河南郑州 450000
2.
郑州大学材料科学与工程学院, 河南郑州 450000
3.
攀钢集团攀枝花钢铁研究院有限公司, 四川攀枝花617000
4.
武汉科技大学资源与环境工程学院, 湖北武汉 430000

基金项目: 中原关键金属实验室项目（GJJSGFJQ202302、GJJSGFYQ202425）；国家重点研发计划青年科学家项目（2021YFC2901600）；中央在川高校院所重大科技成果转化项目（2022ZHCG0123）。

详细信息

作者简介:
任艺雯，1998年出生，女，河南安阳人，硕士研究生，研究方向：电化学冶金，E-mail：renyiwen799@163.com

通讯作者:
宋建勋，1984年出生，男，河南商丘人，教授，研究方向：关键金属的提取与提纯，固废资源化，电化学冶金，E-mail：jianxun.song@zzu.edu.cn

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- 收稿日期: 2024-12-20
- 刊出日期: 2025-05-06

Research progress on electrolytic extraction and purification of titanium and vanadium molten salts

REN Yiwen^{1, 2
,},
MAO Peizhu^{1, 2},
LÜ Xueming³,
FAN Yong⁴,
WANG Zijian^{1, 2},
LI Shaolong^{1, 2},
LÜ Zepeng^{1, 2},
HE Jilin^{1, 2},
SONG Jianxun^{1, 2
, ,}

1.
Zhongyuan Critical Metals Laboratory, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450000, Henan, China
2.
School of Materials Science and Engineering, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450000, Henan, China
3.
Panzhihua Iron and Steel Research Institute Co., Ltd., Panzhihua 617000, Sichuan, China
4.
College of Resource and Environmental Engineering, Wuhan University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430000, Hubei, China

摘要

摘要: 钛和钒作为重要的战略性金属，其传统火法或湿法提取和纯化工艺存在效率低、能耗大、成本高等共性问题。熔盐电解技术以其工艺流程短、产品纯度高、绿色环保等优势，为钛、钒的提取与纯化提供了新思路。文中对熔盐电解提取和纯化钛与钒的最新研究进展进行了综述，分析了卤化物熔盐电解、FFC法、USTB法的优缺点与应用潜力，讨论了熔盐体系中钛和钒的电化学行为及工艺参数优化策略。未来，在设备材料耐腐蚀性、电流效率提升及工业化规模化应用方面，钛和钒的熔盐电解技术仍需进一步探索。
- 熔盐电解 /
- 钛 /
- 钒 /
- 提取 /
- 纯化
Abstract: As important strategic metals, titanium and vanadium have some common problems such as low efficiency, high energy consumption and high cost in traditional fire or wet extraction and purification processes. Molten salt electrolysis technology provides a new idea for the extraction and purification of titanium and vanadium with its advantages of short process, high product purity and green environmental protection. In this paper, the latest research progress in the extraction and purification of titanium and vanadium by molten salt electrolysis was reviewed. The advantages and disadvantages and application potential of halides molten salts electrolysis, FFC method and USTB method were analyzed. The electrochemical behavior of titanium and vanadium in molten salt systems and the optimization strategy of process parameters were discussed. In the future, in terms of corrosion resistance of equipment materials, current efficiency improvement, and industrial scale application, the molten salt electrolysis technology of titanium and vanadium still needs to be further explored.
- molten salt electrolysis /
- titanium /
- vanadium /
- extraction /
- purification

HTML全文

图 1 氯化电解提取钛示意^[14]

Figure 1. Schematic illustration of chlorination followed by electrolytic extraction of titanium^[14]

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

图 2 FFC法工艺流程示意

Figure 2. Schematic diagram of the FFC method

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图 3 圆柱形氧化物球团表面金属化的3PI传播机制示意^[26]

(a)从导线沿中心表面，引出最大电流；(b)在球团内部传播的3PI导致当前的平台

Figure 3. Schematic illustration of the 3PI propagation mechanism for the surface metallization of a cylindrical oxide pellet^[26]

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

图 4 可溶阳极熔盐电解工艺（USTB法）示意^[40]

Figure 4. Schematic diagram of electrolysis process with consumable anode for titanium production, the USTB process^[40]

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图 5 钛、钒提纯示意

Figure 5. Schematic diagram of titanium and vanadium purification

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

图 6 CuTi合金合成和电精炼的无碳钛生产方法^[50]

Figure 6. Carbon-free titanium production method for synthesis and electrorefining of CuTi alloy^[50]

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

表 1 传统熔盐电解法、FFC、USTB法提取金属钛、钒的纯度及生产规模统计

Table 1. The purity of titanium and vanadium extracted by traditional molten salt electrolysis method, FFC and USTB method and the expanded scale statistics

方法	金属	纯度/%	生产规模
卤化物、含氧酸盐电解提取	钛	99.5～99.8^[11]	半工业化生产
卤化物、含氧酸盐电解提取	钒	96.8～99.8^[55]	半工业化生产
FFC	钛	＞99.9^[7]	中试规模
FFC	钒	99.5～99.8^[35]	中试规模
USTB	钛	＞99.9%^{[40, 56]}	中试规模
USTB	钒	≥99.1^[42]	实验室级
合金电精炼	钛	99.44^[57]	实验室级
合金电精炼	钒	99.99^[53]	实验室级

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参考文献(54)

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钛、钒熔盐电解提取及纯化研究进展

doi: 10.7513/j.issn.1004-7638.2025.02.001

作者简介:
任艺雯，1998年出生，女，河南安阳人，硕士研究生，研究方向：电化学冶金，E-mail：renyiwen799@163.com

通讯作者:
宋建勋，1984年出生，男，河南商丘人，教授，研究方向：关键金属的提取与提纯，固废资源化，电化学冶金，E-mail：jianxun.song@zzu.edu.cn

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Research progress on electrolytic extraction and purification of titanium and vanadium molten salts

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钛、钒熔盐电解提取及纯化研究进展

doi: 10.7513/j.issn.1004-7638.2025.02.001

作者简介: 任艺雯，1998年出生，女，河南安阳人，硕士研究生，研究方向：电化学冶金，E-mail：renyiwen799@163.com

通讯作者: 宋建勋，1984年出生，男，河南商丘人，教授，研究方向：关键金属的提取与提纯，固废资源化，电化学冶金，E-mail：jianxun.song@zzu.edu.cn

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Research progress on electrolytic extraction and purification of titanium and vanadium molten salts

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出版历程

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作者简介:
任艺雯，1998年出生，女，河南安阳人，硕士研究生，研究方向：电化学冶金，E-mail：renyiwen799@163.com

通讯作者:
宋建勋，1984年出生，男，河南商丘人，教授，研究方向：关键金属的提取与提纯，固废资源化，电化学冶金，E-mail：jianxun.song@zzu.edu.cn