Effect of V content on microstructure and properties of laser cladding Fe-Cr alloy coatings
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摘要: 采用激光熔覆技术制备了不同V含量的铁铬合金涂层，结合金相观察、SEM & EDS、X-射线衍射等分析方法研究了V含量变化时激光熔覆铁铬合金涂层的显微组织与性能的变化规律。结果表明，V含量较低时铁铬合金涂层以树枝晶生长模式为主，涂层界面的树枝晶生长过程中Cr元素来不及完全固溶到基体中，引起基体衍射峰向高角度处偏移。增加V含量能够促进树枝晶向胞状晶转变，有效改善了Cr元素在基体中不能完全固溶的现象。VC的形成促进了凝固过程中γ-Fe向马氏体的转变，涂层硬度提升，但当V含量增加到2%时，原料中高熔点钒铁含量增加，导致涂层中气孔缺陷增加，引起涂层耐磨性能降低。当V含量为1%时涂层性能最佳。Abstract: Iron-chromium alloy coatings with varying V content were fabricated using laser cladding. The microstructural and performance variations of the laser-cladded iron-chromium alloy coatings with different V contents were investigated using metallographic observation, SEM & EDS, and X-ray diffraction analysis. The results indicate that at lower V content, the iron-chromium alloy coating predominantly exhibits a dendritic growth mode. At the coating interface, the dendritic grew rapidly, Cr elements do not have sufficient time to completely dissolve into the matrix, causing the matrix diffraction peaks to shift to higher angles. Increasing V content promotes the transition from dendritic to cellular growth, effectively improving the incomplete dissolution of Cr elements in the matrix and leading to a more uniform coating structure. The formation of VC promotes the transformation of γ-Fe to martensite during solidification, and the hardness of the coating increases. However, when the V content increases to 2%, the ferrovanadium content with a higher melting point increases, resulting in an increase in pore defects, which makes the wear resistance of the coating decrease. When the V content in the coating is 1 %, the hardness and wear resistance are the best.
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Key words:
- laser cladding /
- VC /
- iron-chromium alloy coating /
- microstructure /
- performance
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图 1 不同V含量的激光熔覆铁铬合金涂层金相组织
(a) V-0.5中下部；(b) V-1中下部；(c) V-2中下部；(d) V-0.5中部；(e) V-1中部；(f) V-2中部
Figure 1. Metallographic structure of laser cladding iron-chromium alloy coatings with different V content
图 2 不同V含量的激光熔覆铁铬合金涂层微观形貌
(a) V-0.5上部；(b) V-1上部；(c) V-2上部；(d) V-0.5下部；(e) V-1下部；(f) V-2下部
Figure 2. Microscopic morphology of laser-clad iron-chromium alloy coatings with different V contents
图 3 V-0.5铁铬合金涂层下部显微组织AB区线扫描谱
Figure 3. Line scan maps of microstructure in region AB of V-0.5 iron-chromium alloy coating
图 4 V-1铁铬合金涂层上部显微组织微区面扫描图谱
Figure 4. Microstructure micro-area scan maps of the upper part of V-1 iron-chromium alloy coating
图 5 不同V含量的激光熔覆铁铬合金涂层XRD衍射谱
(a) XRD衍射图谱总图；(b) XRD衍射图谱局部放大图
Figure 5. XRD diffraction patterns of laser-clad iron-chromium alloy coatings with different V contents
图 6 不同V含量的激光熔覆铁铬合金涂层显微硬度
Figure 6. Microhardness of laser-clad iron-chromium alloy coatings with different V contents
图 7 不同V含量的激光熔覆铁铬合金涂层摩擦系数和磨损量
(a) 各涂层摩擦系数曲线；(b) 各涂层磨损量
Figure 7. Friction coefficients and abriasion loss of laser-clad iron-chromium alloy coatings with different V contents
图 8 不同V含量的激光熔覆铁铬合金涂层摩擦磨损形貌
Figure 8. Friction and wear morphology of laser cladding Fe-Cr alloy coatings with different V content
(a) V-0.5，宏观；(b) V-1，宏观；(c) V-2，宏观；(d) V-0.5，微观；(e) V-1微观；(f) V-2，微观
表 1 60CrMnMo基材成分
Table 1. Elemental composition of 60CrMnMo basic materials
% Ni C Si Mn Cr Mo Fe 0.3 0.56 0.25 0.75 1.12 0.25 余量 
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表 2 各种混合粉末的元素组成
Table 2. Elemental compositions of various mixed powders
% 试验样品 Fe V Si Cr C V-0.5 87.80 0.50 1.00 9.70 1.00 V-1 87.30 1.00 1.00 9.70 1.00 V-2 86.30 2.00 1.00 9.70 1.00
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