Abstract: To have systematical understanding of the varying pattern of thermal conductivity with temperature in different steels,the method of laser light scattering was used to measure the thermal conductivities of steel 08 A,35 K,45^# and GCr15 from 28℃ to 1 060℃.Through drawings and analyses,the results can be concluded that different steels have different thermal conductivities at the same temperature,and at room temperature,the thermal conductivity of the high-carbon steel is lower than that of the low-carbon steel,which indicates the carbon-content has an effect on the coefficient of thermal conductivity;the same steel also has different thermal conductivities at different temperatures.The thermal conductivities of all kinds of steel decrease with the increase of temperature below phase transformation temperature(700~800℃),and then increase with the temperature rising above.